Fleming’s VARK Model

As a trainee teacher, understanding the different ways in which individuals learn can greatly enhance your ability to create effective lesson plans and provide a conducive learning environment. One model that is commonly used to explain learning preferences is the VARK model developed by Neil Fleming. This model categorises learners into four groups based on their preferred learning style. In this article, we will explore the VARK model in detail, and discuss how teachers can incorporate these styles into their lesson plans.

Overview of the VARK Model

The VARK model divides learners into four groups, each representing a preferred mode of learning. The four modes are:

1. Visual: Visual learners prefer to learn through pictures, graphs, and diagrams.
2. Aural (Auditory): Aural learners learn through sound, such as music or speech.
3. Read/Write: Read/write learners prefer to learn through reading and writing.
4. Kinasthetic: Kinasthetic learners prefer to learn through physical activity and movement.

Fleming’s theory proposes that each individual has a dominant mode of learning, although they may have a mix of preferences. By identifying their preferred learning style, learners can take advantage of their strengths and enhance their learning experience.

Implementing the VARK Model in the Classroom

As a teacher, understanding the VARK model can help you create a more inclusive and effective learning environment. Here are some ways you can implement each learning style in your classroom:

1. Visual Learners:

• Use pictures, diagrams, and graphs to illustrate concepts.
• Incorporate videos or animations into your lessons.
• Encourage visual note-taking and mind mapping.

2. Aural Learners:

• Use lectures, discussions, and debates to convey information.
• Encourage students to read aloud or recite information.
• Use background music to create a relaxed learning environment.

3. Read/Write Learners:

• Provide written instructions and handouts.
• Encourage note-taking and summarising in writing.
• Use textbooks and articles to convey information.

4. Kinasthetic Learners:

• Incorporate hands-on activities and experiments into your lessons.
• Use role-playing and simulations to reinforce concepts.
• Encourage students to move around the classroom during group work.

By incorporating different learning styles into your lesson plans, you can create a more inclusive learning environment and help all students to reach their potential.

Further Reading 

Academic Articles:

1. Coffield, F., Moseley, D., Hall, E., & Ecclestone, K. (2004). Learning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning: A systematic and critical review. Learning and Skills Research Centre. https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/5551/1/learning-styles-literature-review.pdf

2. Kirby, J. R., & Kolb, D. A. (2011). A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of the Kolb learning style inventory. Journal of psychological type, 71(1), 1-13. https://search.proquest.com/docview/875607479

3. Zhang, L., & Sternberg, R. J. (2005). A threefold model of intellectual styles. Educational psychology review, 17(1), 1-53. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10648-005-3950-7

Online Articles:

1. VARK Learning Styles. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://vark-learn.com/introduction-to-vark/the-vark-modalities/

2. Edutopia. (n.d.). Tips for Teachers: Teaching to Different Learning Styles. Retrieved from https://www.edutopia.org/article/tips-teachers-teaching-different-learning-styles